"Electronic brake force distribution
(EBD) is an automobile brake technology
that automatically varies the amount
of force
applied to each of a vehicle's brakes, based on road
conditions, speed, loading, etc.
Often
coupled with anti-lock braking systems, EBD can apply
more or less braking pressure to each wheel in order
to
maximize
stopping power.
In a hydraulic brake system not
equipped with EBD, there is a fixed front-to-rear brake force bias which is
determined by
the
hydraulic components (for example, calliper piston
diameter). This bias may be shifted under heavy braking,
by means
of a
mechanical proportioning valve, to prevent rear-wheel
lockup. EBD instead applies brake force precisely
through
electronic
control. It recognizes that driving conditions, braking
situations and vehicle weight distributions are
unique
and
constantly changing. Working together with Anti-lock
Braking System (ABS), EBD uses sensors to determine
which
wheels
would provide maximum braking for the conditions
– whether that's the front or rear wheels, the left
or right.
The
final result is more precise and effective braking
under all conditions, and also makes the car much more
stable
under
heavy braking, reducing front end dive." - Wikipedia.
For many years, we've always
used a rule of thumb that says that front
brakes will wear out at twice the rate of rear
brakes.
In other words, we've always
said that you are going to need two front
brake jobs and one rear brake job over 70,000 Km
or so.
Drum
brakes last longer (as long as you don't leave the
handbrake on) because they are nowhere near as badly
effected by salt
corrosion
as disc brakes, particularly in the rear.
For many years now, if you wanted
to register a car in the USA when moving
from one State to another, a standard feature of
the
safety check has been a Brake force distribution (BFD)
test to make sure that the car was using all four brakes
equally.
In Canada
we've never had such a test, but now the USA has
taken the the BFD technique one step further and
installed a
computer
to do the job.
So that we have been facing up
to clients who don't believe that their rear brakes are worn out, but that
they still have 60%
(typically)
left in the front ones. This is understandable,
because, as I have stated, everyone has always assumed
the
" two
in the front and one in the rear" principle holds
true.
Not any more.
Now, EBD is working to keep the
car stable by applying more force in the rear brakes. Any sail boat captain
will tell you
that
in heavy weather a sea anchor helps keep the boat pointed
into the waves. Usually a sea anchor consists of a canvas
bucket
on a rope thrown over the stern to act as a constant
drag on the boat.
Rear brakes don't provide constant
drag, but apparently they do apply themselves
a macro second sooner than front brakes
to keep
the back end of the car straight and avoid the dreaded
sideways skid, since most people don't even know what
opposite
lock means, let alone how to apply it.
So the next time your friendly
local garage tells you that the rear brakes
are gone beyond repair and if your car was made
since
2004,
or so, don't be at all surprised.
And when the EBD system fails,
as it will, eventually, don't be surprised
if the computer replacement puts you back another
$300
or so.
ABS (anti-lock) brake systems
seem so obviously a safety feature of the
modern car, but safety doesn't come cheaply and
an ABS
system has a component value well into the $3000 region.
The more stuff you have, the
more stuff you have that will eventually
go wrong.